Revealing tectonic frameworks and hydrocarbon potential in the Dabaa Province using gravity and seismic modeling

This research investigates the structural framework and basement topography that govern hydrocarbon entrapment in the Dabaa Province, situated in the northwestern desert of Egypt. By integrating seismic reflection profiles with gravity data analysis, the study identifies key subsurface fault systems and structural features such as uplifts and depressions that control reservoir architecture. The study area covers nearly 38,014 km2, positioned east of the Qattara Depression, bounded by latitudes 29°30′ to 31°00′N and longitudes 27°30′ to 30°00′E (see Fig. 1). A detailed quantitative analysis was carried out using 2.5D gravity modeling techniques, constrained by deep well data and processed through the GM-SYS module (Oasis Montaj, 2007). The interpreted basement depths range from approximately 1,791 meters to 5,574 meters. Modeling outcomes from both gravity and seismic datasets highlight two principal fault orientations: (NE–SW and NW–SE), with secondary trends observed along the (ENE–WSW) direction. These trends correspond to major regional tectonic phases, such as the Syrian Arc and Red Sea rifting. Seismic interpretation confirms that faultbounded uplifted blocks host potential hydrocarbon traps, particularly within the Dabaa and Apollonia formations. However, detailed petrophysical data (e.g., porosity, permeability, and production rates) are required to further assess reservoir quality. The integration of geophysical data enhances understanding of the tectonic evolution and hydrocarbon potential in this underexplored region.