Strengthening students' innovative character through the P5 project learning program of the independent curriculum

Strengthening innovative character is an important demand in 21st century education in line with the development of technology and social dynamics. The Independent Curriculum through the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) is designed as project-based learning that places students as active subjects in the learning process. This study aims to examine the role of the implementation of P5 in strengthening the innovative character of students based on the results of previous research. The research method uses a literature study by examining ten national scientific articles published in the last three years. The data was analyzed systematically using content analysis techniques. The results of the study show that the implementation of P5 contributes positively to strengthening students' innovative character, especially in the aspects of creativity, independence, critical thinking skills, and the courage to put forward ideas. However, the strengthening of innovation oriented towards the creation of new solutions has not developed optimally due to the limitations of teachers' pedagogical competence, poorly structured project planning, and administrative implementation tendencies. Therefore, P5 optimization requires more systematic project learning planning and teacher capacity building.