Socialism With Chinese Characteristics and Equitable Development

During the reform and opening up China gave a greater space to the private sector, but also maintained the central role of the state in the economy. In light of privatizations and growth in inequality during this period, several authors have been prematurely dismissive of China’s claims to be building a socialist society. The work of Cheng Enfu and colleagues serves as compass while navigating the pressing questions of political economy in China. We examine the characteristics of China’s development model in its historical and political context and its impact on socialeconomic development goals and its relationship to key population indicators, with emphasis on insights gleaned from Cheng Enfu’s work. We further examine the dynamics of inequality in China, and how Cheng’s recommendations of strengthening state, collective and cooperative enterprises can help address China’s economic inequality.