Dualism of the Executive under the French Revolution

There are few analyses about the structure of executive bodies. One of most common way to describe their internal organisation is by opposing dualist executive powers against monist ones. However, in order to better understand what is at stake in this distinction – for it is not obvious – we need to examine, as it is often the case, the French Revolution. By examining the different constitutions adopted during this period, we see that, if dualism of the executive in 1791 was an institutional necessity, because of the monarchic constitution, it was a really deliberate choice in An I and An III constitutions. It is possible to grasp the meaning and function of it by analysing why and how the National Convention created the Public Safety Committee in April 1793.