Practical Dilemmas and Optimization Paths of Dynamic Hierarchical Teaching in University Badminton Special Courses：A Case Study of Zhaoqing University

To optimize the practice of dynamic hierarchical teaching in the badminton special class of Zhaoqing University, this study conducts a systematic analysis based on teaching scenarios, survey data, and teacher-student interview materials. The results show that the implementation of this teaching model is confronted with four core dilemmas: the imperfect hierarchical evaluation system impedes accurate stratification; the supply-demand mismatch of teaching resources restricts the quality improvement of the advanced-level cohort; the absence of an inter-level interaction mechanism fails to unleash synergistic effects; and teachers’ insufficient competence in hierarchical teaching leads to low adaptability. Accordingly, this study constructs a four-dimensional coordinated optimization path of "Evaluation-Resource-Interaction-Teacher", which specifically involves improving the multi-dimensional dynamic evaluation system, balancing the allocation of hierarchical teaching resources, establishing a regular inter-level interaction mechanism, and enhancing teachers’ specialized teaching capabilities. With strong pertinence and operability, this path provides practical references for the hierarchical teaching of physical education special courses in Zhaoqing University and other local colleges and universities. In the future, tracking the implementation effects for dynamic optimization will help promote the quality of physical education teaching in universities.