ADVANCES IN BIOMEDICINE FOR THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF DISEASES

Early diagnosis is one of the most relevant pillars for reducing morbidity and mortality associated with chronic and infectious diseases. Therefore, this chapter aims to analyze the advances of biomedicine in the early diagnosis of diseases, considering technological and biomolecular innovations applied to clinical practice. The methodology was based on a narrative review of scientific literature, including classical and contemporary studies by authors such as Francis Collins, Eric Topol, Leroy Hood, and Harold Varmus, published in international scientific databases. The results indicate that the use of molecular biomarkers, genomic testing, artificial intelligence, and high-precision imaging technologies has significantly increased the ability to identify pathological changes before the clinical manifestation of symptoms. These advances allow faster, more personalized, and more effective interventions, especially in diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. It is concluded that the integration of biotechnology, genetics, and computational analysis is transforming early diagnosis into an essential tool of precision medicine, promoting greater therapeutic efficiency, reduced healthcare costs, and improved quality of life for patients.