La Enseñanza por Competencias y la Necesidad de Nuevos Modelos Didácticos en Matemáticas y Ciencias

This research aims to systematize a theoretical review of competency-based teaching in natural sciences and mathematics and the need for the implementation of new didactic models. It is based on the results obtained from the application of successful methodologies in some institutions, which have improved their performance on standardized tests, as well as on the work of science and mathematics didactic theorists. This review was conducted using a documentary method with a bibliographic design to analyze different theoretical positions from various authors on the relationship between the methodologies used and the development of competencies in teaching practice. The results highlight the importance of identifying the context and the educational community in order to select the methodologies to be implemented. It is evident that, in more diverse groups, the methodologies do not improve the competencies of all students. However, when applying varied methodological sequences, the results are more homogeneous, thus highlighting the need for didactic models that allow the development of competencies in science and mathematics.