Vapear o No Vapear, en el 2026 ¡Esa es la Decisión!

The use of electronic cigarettes and vaping devices has increased significantly worldwide, particularly among adolescents and young adults, raising concerns about its public health implications. This article aims to analyze the available scientific evidence on the effects of vaping on human health and its role as a supposed substitute for conventional cigarettes. Based on a literature review of studies published since 2010 in scientific databases such as PubMed, LILACS, and Google Scholar, the main components of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are identified, as well as the risks associated with their use. The reviewed evidence demonstrates that the liquids used in electronic cigarettes contain nicotine, aldehydes, flavorings, heavy metals, and other toxic substances that, when inhaled, produce inflammation, epithelial damage, genotoxic and cytotoxic alterations, increasing the risk of respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, as well as cancer. Furthermore, the association of vaping with acute lung injury (EVALI), asthma, COPD, pneumonia, and hospitalization is documented, as well as adverse effects on the oral cavity and reproductive system. Far from contributing to smoking cessation, e-cigarette use promotes nicotine addiction and the transition to conventional tobacco use. It is concluded that vaping is neither a safe nor effective alternative to smoking, making it a priority to strengthen regulation, standardize e-liquids, and implement prevention strategies, especially among young people.