Proliferación de Propágulos de Crisantemo en Diferentes Concentraciones de Sacarosa y Tipo de Citocininas

Chrysanthemums for cut flowers are among the most widely cultivated species in Mexico. Their production requires a continuous, timely supply of initial plant material of excellent physiological and sanitary quality. In vitro plant propagation is efficient for recovering clones free of specific pathogens and convenient for producing high-quality stock plants. Recent studies have successfully used basal media with different growth regulators (GRs), vitamins, and other additives, demonstrating that there is no standard GR combination for all varieties. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate shoot development from stem segments in basal culture medium (CM) containing different concentrations of sucrose, and types and concentrations of cytokinins. Eighteen culture medium variants were prepared, with: 1) sucrose concentrations (25, 20, and 15 g L-1); 2) type of cytokinin (Benzylaminopurine (BAP)), Zeatin (ZEA) and Thidiazuron (TDZ)) and, 3) cytokinin dose at two levels (1 and 0.5 mg L-1). Stem segments developed up to 2.4 shoots, 1.4 mm in stem diameter, and 10.3 cm² in leaf area when established in CM with 15 g L⁻¹ of sucrose plus 0.5 mg L⁻¹ BAP. Similarly, in the CM with TDZ 1.0 mg L⁻¹, they developed the greatest number of shoots, but these were small; to induce an increase in size, it will be necessary to transfer them to a culture medium with BAP or without cytokinin.