DIREITOS HUMANOS NA DÉCADA (2014–2024): AVANÇOS, RETROCESSOS E NOVOS DESAFIOS SOB A LENTE DAS CORTES NACIONAIS E INTERNACIONAIS

This article examines the evolution of human rights during the period from 2014 to 2024, characterized by significant normative advances, high-density judicial decisions, and, at the same time, by political and institutional setbacks linked to democratic erosion and the rise of authoritarian discourses. The study is based on the premise that human rights constitute the normative core of the Democratic State of Law, whose effectiveness depends on coordinated action between national and international legal orders. A qualitative, theoretical-bibliographical and comparative jurisprudential approach is adopted, analyzing landmark decisions of the Brazilian Supreme Court, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, and the European Court of Human Rights. The role of courts in containing democratic backsliding is examined, as well as new challenges posed by technological transformation, environmental crises, and persistent structural inequalities. The article concludes that, despite contemporary tensions, human rights retain institutional resilience, provided they are strengthened through transnational judicial dialogue, transformative constitutionalism, and democratic commitment to human dignity.