O PAPEL DA ATENÇÃO BÁSICA NA PREVENÇÃO DE DOENÇAS CRÔNICAS COMO DIABETES E HIPERTENSÃO

Chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as type 2 diabetes and arterial hypertension, represent major public health challenges in Brazil and worldwide due to their high prevalence and significant impact on mortality and quality of life. Factors such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and unequal access to healthcare services directly contribute to the worsening of these conditions. In this context, Primary Health Care (PHC), particularly through the Family Health Strategy (FHS), plays a crucial role in health promotion, prevention, and continuous management of patients by providing integrated care closely aligned with community needs. This study aimed to analyze the contribution of Primary Care to the prevention and control of diabetes and hypertension in Brazil. The research was based on a bibliographic review, including scientific articles, official data from the Ministry of Health, and institutional documents related to public health. The findings reveal that, despite structural and sociocultural challenges—such as limited resources, low patient adherence, and system fragmentation—PHC is essential in managing these diseases. The FHS stands out by offering longitudinal follow-up, educational initiatives, encouragement of healthy lifestyles, and access to medicines and self-monitoring supplies. Evidence shows that glycemic self-control programs and dietary interventions such as the DASH diet have been effective in reducing complications and hospitalizations. It is concluded that strengthening PHC, especially through the FHS, is fundamental for addressing NCDs, from primary prevention to the adequate management of established cases. Adequate funding, professional training, and integrated public policies are crucial to improving population health and ensuring the sustainability of Brazil’s healthcare system.