NEUROCIÊNCIA NO BRASIL: AVANÇOS, INSTITUIÇÕES E PERSPECTIVAS ATUAIS

This article presents an overview of neuroscience in Brazil, highlighting the main research centers, institutional initiatives, scientific achievements, and contemporary challenges. Based on official documents, scientific articles, and recent interviews, it maps the role of institutions such as CEPID NeuroMat, IINN/ELS, CEPID BRAINN, the Brain Institute of UFRN, and INNT in the production of neuroscientific knowledge. It also addresses the work of leading scientists such as Suzana Herculano-Houzel and Mellanie Fontes-Dutra, as well as the interface with technology, innovation, and public policies. Additionally, the text discusses the importance of national and international collaborative networks, continuous funding for basic and applied research, and the integration between universities, hospitals, and the productive sector, emphasizing the training of qualified human resources and scientific dissemination. It concludes that Brazil possesses recognized infrastructure and talent, but depends on maintaining and expanding public investments, international cooperation, and policies for training and disseminating scientific knowledge, which are essential to transform discoveries into social benefits, clinical advances, and technological innovation with lasting impact.