CLINICAL EVALUATION OF KIRANTHY OIL IN THE PREVENTION OF KIRANTHY DISEASE AMONG CHILDREN UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE

Kiranthy is a common pediatric disorder observed during the period of the first three months (Kapuparuvam) in infants. According to Siddha medical literature, it is traditionally classified into two types: Senkiranthy (red) and Karunkiranthy (black), both of which are associated with birth-related hypoxia. Among Tamil community mostly in Northern and Eastern provinces of Sri Lanka, Kiranthy oil has been used as a traditional preventive remedy, although its efficacy has not been scientifically validated. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Kiranthy oil in preventing Kiranthy disease among infants under one year of age. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in two selected Medical Officer of Health (MOH) divisions. A total of 600 infants were enrolled. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to mothers. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaffna. Statistical analyses included the calculation of Odds Ratio (OR), Relative Risk (RR), and p-values to determine significance. Results: A strong positive association was identified between Kiranthy diet intake by pregnant mothers and the incidence of Kiranthy disease in infants, with a Relative Risk (RR) of 6.52, indicating significantly higher risk. Additionally, infants who received Kiranthy oil application showed a statistically significant reduction in disease incidence (p = 0.05). Conclusion: This study provides preliminary scientific evidence supporting the traditional use of Kiranthy oil for the prevention of Kiranthy disease. The findings suggest that Kiranthy oil plays a significant protective role in early pediatric care within the Siddha medical system. Further controlled studies are recommended to confirm and expand upon these findings. Key words: Kiranthy, Relative Risk, Siddha medical