Spatial Interaction and Borderland Dynamics: A Geographical Analysis of Jhargram–Purulia–Jharkhand Region

The Jhargram–Purulia–Jharkhand border region exists as a living geographical area which allows people to maintain their cultural heritage while engaging in economic activities and using multiple transportation routes. The research studies how spatial patterns of interaction and border area movements create economic and environmental changes in this tri-junction territory located in eastern India. The research investigates cross-border labor movements and forest-based livelihoods and unofficial trade activities and infrastructure connections and cultural exchanges through spatial analysis and borderland theory and field research and secondary data. The results demonstrate that the area operates as a connected border corridor which displays tribal cultural bonds and resource-based economic activities and unequal development patterns between Bengal and Jharkhand. The ongoing movement of people and products and services through the area enhances regional connections between different regions of the area. The paper emphasizes the need for an integrated, border-sensitive development framework to enhance mobility, reduce inequalities, and sustainably manage natural resources in the borderland.