The Role of Servant Leadership in Enhancing Organizational Citizenship Behavior: An Analytical Study of the Opinion of Teachers in Private Schools in Soran Independent Administration in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

The focus of this study was to investigate the role of servant leadership in enhancing organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in private schools within the Soran Independent Administration of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). The main objective was to examine the impact of servant leadership and its dimensions on the development of OCB among teachers. A descriptive research design with a quantitative approach was employed, using questionnaires to collect data from 170 teachers across 12 private schools in the region. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26. The findings highlight the critical role of servant leadership in fostering and nurturing organizational citizenship behavior among teachers. The results revealed a statistically significant correlation between servant leadership and its dimensions—accountability, empowerment, humility, stewardship, and standing back—and OCB as a whole. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that servant leadership and its dimensions have a significant impact on OCB among teachers. Among these dimensions, stewardship emerged as the most influential in fostering demonstrating organizational citizenship behavior by teachers in their schools. This suggests that principals in private schools exhibit a strong commitment to serving their teachers rather than using their authority for personal gain. Finally, it is recommended that future research adopt qualitative methods to gain deeper insights, and explore the influence of other leadership styles on enhancing organizational citizenship behavior.