Análisis comparativo de Métodos Ergonómicos (RULA, REBA, OWAS) presentes en actividades de cultivo en el sector Bananero

The banana agricultural industry is a fundamental economic pillar for global development; however, its workers face a high risk of developing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to the physical demands of cultivation tasks. The objective of this article is to perform a comparative analysis of the RULA, REBA, and OWAS ergonomic methods to determine which offers a more precise diagnosis adapted to the sector's operational reality. Through documentary and descriptive research, the technical differences, advantages, and limitations of these tools applied to critical tasks such as harvesting and packing were evaluated. The main findings suggest that the choice of method should be based on the dominant biomechanical demand: RULA is more sensitive for packing tasks due to its focus on upper limbs, while REBA is superior for harvesting by integrating full-body and load variables. It is concluded that a methodological approach selected by task type optimizes risk management and worker health.