Impact of Amino Acid on Fenugreek under Cadmium Stress

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) belongs to the Leguminosae family and is an annual plant. It is extensively grown in Egypt, India, and other Middle Eastern nations. Cadmium is a major source of heavy metal stress. Cadmium (Cd) contamination in the environment poses a significant threat to plant growth and development, leading to reduced crop productivity. Production of sorghum is reduced every year due to abiotic stresses as well as heavy metals. In this study, the potential of Amino acid (proline), a naturally occurring plant organic compound, was explored to mitigate the detrimental effects of Cd stress in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). While the amino acid (proline) acts as a buffer which helps to maintain a favorable PH level within plant cells and promotes cell growth, it also regulates the function of gibberellin biosynthesis as well as affects the vegetative growth. Plants treated with AA (proline) exhibited improved growth parameters, including increased shoot and root length, enhanced biomass accumulation sand higher chlorophyll content compared to non-treated Cd-stressed plants. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of amino acid (proline) (0kg /ha,12kg/ha, 20kg/ha) on fenugreek grown under cadmium stress. Different levels of cadmium (0ppm,15ppm,30ppm) were applied. Fenugreek seeds were obtained from Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, Faisalabad. Seeds were sown in pots filled with soil in the research area of the Botanical Garden. PARS. Data for growth, yield (biological, economic, yield), and quality parameters (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotene content) were recorded and statistically analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey's HSD Test at 5% probability level. According to our results, the toxic effects of cadmium stress levels (15ppm and 30 ppm) decreased the morphophysiological and biochemical attributes of the fenugreek plant. However, the application of amino acid (Proline) at a level mitigated the cadmium stress and improved the growth of the fenugreek plant. While the amino acid (proline) acts as a buffer which helps to maintain a favorable PH level within plant cells and promotes cell growth, it also regulates the function of gibberellin biosynthesis as well as affects the vegetative growth.