Impacto del tipo de cambio a la baja e inseguridad en competitividad y sostenibilidad costarricense

This study analyzes how the sustained appreciation of the exchange rate and rising national insecurity have affected Costa Rica’s competitiveness and sustainable development between 2022 and 2025. A systematic review of literature was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink, including empirical studies and reviews on exchange rate, insecurity, competitiveness, and sustainability in Costa Rican and Central American contexts. Bibliometric and critical thematic analyses were applied to identify key findings, gaps, and limitations. Results reveal fragmented research lacking integrative models to explain their combined effects. The study proposes a conceptual model linking these factors as an adverse feedback cycle that threatens national sustainability and recommends its validation through future empirical research.