New Vistas in Pharmaconutrition: Potential Role of Specialized Pro-Resolving Molecules (SPMs) in Medical Nutrition—The Marine Background

An advanced form of medical nutrition, or pharmaconutrition, involves incorporating pharmacologically active ingredients into formula feeds to enhance recovery or maintain patients’ nutritional status. One of the most essential critical goals in medical care is reducing the duration of inflammation, whether caused by pathology or infection. The resolution of inflammation is not a passive process but an active one driven by cytokines and eicosanoids, including specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs). This review concerns the role of lipoxins in resolving inflammation. It also emphasizes the potential benefits of these oxidative derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids in medical nutrition.