Concerning Human Rights Issues in Marine Business Activities in the ASEAN Region

This article examines human rights in marine business activities in ASEAN region from the perspective of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights. Despite the economic potential of maritime industries, various human rights violations have been reported, particularly in the fishing sector involving migrant workers. Environmental pollution caused by shipping of oil and hazardous substances also poses risks to marine ecosystems and coastal communities. The complexity of the environment and limited enforcement capacities make it challenging to address these issues effectively. While the UNGPs on BHR provide a global framework for states and businesses to respect human rights, their adoption and implementation in the ASEAN region remain uneven. This article analyzes specific human rights issues such as modern slavery, forced labor, marine pollution, and marine debris. It argues that strengthening regional collaboration, transforming voluntary commitments into binding action plans, and engaging all relevant stakeholders are crucial for ensuring responsible and sustainable marine business practices that uphold human rights. The article offers an original contribution by integrating the impact of maritime industries with the human rights paradigm.