XÂY DỰNG HỆ SINH THÁI DU LỊCH THÔNG MINH TẠI LÀO CAI TRONG KỶ NGUYÊN CHUYỂN ĐỔI SỐ

T he article analyzes the theoretical foundations of Smart Tourism Ecosystems (STE), clarifying the structure of the digital ecosystem in tourism. Based on an assessment of the current state of digital transformation in Lao Cai (technological infrastructure, the readiness of enterprises – government – communities, and digitized tourism products), the study identifies major limitations such as fragmented data, disjointed technology applications, a low rate of product digitization, and limited digital capacity among enterprises and communities. The article proposes a model of the Lao Cai Smart Tourism Ecosystem built upon four pillars: Smart Government, Smart Enterprises, Smart Tourists, and Smart Communities. The model emphasizes the integration of digital technologies with local characteristics, fostering innovation, and enhancing the role of ethnic minority communities in delivering smart experiences. The study’s recommendations hold practical significance for the policy-making process in Lao Cai’s tourism sector, while also contributing to shaping approaches to smart tourism in Vietnam’s mountainous localities during the current period of rapid digital transformation.