INPUT AND OUTPUT ORIENTED EDUCATIONAL EFFICIENCY: A STATE LEVEL STUDY BASED ON DEA APPROACH

Aim: The Aim of this research paper is to investigate whether educational inputs are able to produce desirable outputs for the system or is there any requirement of reallocation of educational resources.Investigation of the education sector's efficiency is crucial in the context of budget constraints facing all over the globe.The study assesses input and output oriented technical efficiency of states of India from 2012-13 to 2021-22 using a panel DEA approach.Methodogy: In order to analyse the technical efficiency empirically, the study employs a panel dataset covering 36 states and union territories of India over the period 2012 to 2021.Due to data unavailability, Telangana is excluded from the dataset, resulting in a balanced panel of 35 states and union territories.The dataset includes three output variables, namely Net Enrolment Ratio (NER) at the elementary level (Classes I-VIII), NER at the secondary level (Classes IX-X), and the transition rate from elementary to secondary education.Implications: The input and output-oriented CRS and VRS technical efficiency among states have discussed broadly in this study.• The large and populous states consistently have performed badly in both CRS and VRS methods under both input and output-oriented efficiency results.Findings: The result reveals considerable disparity among states regarding efficiency under both CRS and VRS framework.The large and populous states have performed at the bottom, while smaller states have enhanced their performances.This shows that inefficiency in education among states arise both from management deficiency and improper scale of operation.The study provides important policy implications for the betterment of education sector of states.