Role Of Precision Medicine In Hypertensive Therapy

Hypertension is a leading global public health challenge and a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of multiple antihypertensive therapies, effective blood pressure control remains suboptimal due to the heterogeneity of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle influences underlying the disease. This chapter examines the emerging role of precision medicine in hypertensive therapy, emphasizing the integration of genomics, pharmacogenomics, biomarkers, and artificial intelligence to enable more individualized and effective management strategies. It highlights advances in genome-wide association studies, polygenic risk scores, and omics-based approaches that improve risk stratification and therapeutic targeting, as well as the growing utility of novel biomarkers and non-invasive monitoring tools. The chapter also discusses the contribution of AI-driven analytics in clinical decision-making, trial design, and personalized treatment planning, alongside current precision medicine strategies and innovative clinical trial models. Finally, key challenges, including cost, data complexity, population bias, and ethical considerations, are addressed. Overall, this chapter underscores the transformative potential of precision medicine to move hypertensive care beyond a one-size-fits-all approach toward optimized, patient-centered therapy.