Absorption Kinetics of Vitamins and Minerals from a Novel Nutritional Product in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial

Abstract Background/Objectives Nutrient interactions in multi-ingredient supplements may influence absorption and bioavailability, yet pharmacokinetic data in this context remains limited. This clinical trial assessed the post-prandial absorption kinetics of key micronutrients in AG1, a comprehensive supplement containing vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and phytonutrients. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial 16 healthy adults (8 males and 8 females) consumed a single serving (13g) of AG1 or a taste- and appearance-matched placebo mixed in water, following a 10-hour overnight fast. Each condition was separated by a 1-week washout. Blood samples were collected pre-consumption and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 480 minutes post-ingestion. Plasma concentrations of folate, calcium, zinc, vitamin C, biotin, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, riboflavin, thiamin, and hesperidin were measured. Area under the curve (AUC 0-480 min ) was used to assess nutrient absorption. Safety and tolerability were assessed throughout the study. Statistical analysis included repeated measures ANOVA and paired t-tests. Results AG1 significantly increased AUC 0-480 min values (p