Nanoliposomal Omega-3 Fatty Acids Promote Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis through the BDNF/TrkB Pathway in C57BL/6 Mice

Abstract Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are fundamental for different cellular and structural processes, especially regarding the nervous system. However, its incorporation in food has many bioaccessibility limitations, making it important to find new ways of its consumption. In this work, nanoencapsulated PUFAs orally administrated to C57BL/6 elite male mice for 8 weeks showed better bioavailability when compared to administration of free acids, also improving the effects on dentate gyrus neuronal survival as well as on the proneurogenic elements of the Brain derived neurotrophic factor biological pathway also in the hippocampus. In addition, nanoencapsulated PUFAs increased expression of Fabp5, a relevant n-3 fatty acids transporter in the brain. Altogether, our results would mean that the form of administration of the fatty acids can alter not only how much and how preserved they reach the central nervous system, but also have a differential impact in the diverse processes they contribute to.