Filovirus Evidence Maps: A community resource to identify and curate the published evidence on immunity and vaccination for BDBV, EBOV, MARV, and SUDV

Abstract Filoviruses pose a threat to individuals and the global community as pathogens of pandemic potential. The scientific community faces an ongoing challenge of developing effective vaccines with unpredictable outbreaks concentrated in countries with lower healthcare resources. Given these limitations, it is important to ensure that existing filovirus research is used as efficiently as possible. To enable rapid identification and use of this research, we have developed evidence maps of existing filovirus publications to enable further analysis and synthesis. We systematically identified and categorised existing immunological and clinical publications on Bundibugyo (BDBV), Marburg (MARV), Sudan (SUDV) and Ebola (EBOV) viruses. We captured studies that reported on animal or human immune responses to infection, outcome of infection, or human vaccine safety data. Initial searches of PubMed, Embase and Europe PMC were run between November 2024 and January 2025 and the MARV, SUDV and EBOV searches were updated on 1 August 2025. A BDBV search was conducted on 18 May 2026 in response to the WHO declaration of a Public Health Emergency on 17 May 2026. The initial searches retrieved 208, 1646, 534 and 3963 manuscripts for BDBV, MARV, SUDV and EBOV, respectively. After screening using an ‘a priori’ exclusion criteria, 49 BDBV, 198 MARV, 149 SUDV and 850 EBOV publications were included on each evidence map. These maps provide a comprehensive, transparent and reproducible structure to categorise existing studies of filovirus vaccination and immunity. They allow rapid identification of the totality of available evidence and the existing experimental tools to support vaccine development for these priority pathogens.