Current Status and Influencing Factors of Screen Device Usage Among Children Aged 3~6 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective To investigate the current status of screen device usage among children aged 3~6 years and to analyze the associated influencing factors, providing a scientific basis for guiding rational screen use and formulating targeted interventions for young children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,969 children aged 3~6 years. Data regarding demographic characteristics, screen usage behaviors, home environment, and caregiver information were collected via questionnaires. Univariate analysis was performed using the c2 test, and independent influencing factors were identified through a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Among the 2,969 children surveyed, the prevalence of screen exposure was 77.16%. Specifically, 54.97% were exposed to screens before the age of 3, 23.37% possessed dedicated screen devices, 45.27% engaged in viewing short videos, and only 19.13% could terminate usage voluntarily. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that independent influencing factors for screen usage included: only-child status (OR=0.79, 95% CI: 0.62~1.01), caregiver education level of high school/associate degree (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.52~0.94) or bachelor’s degree and above (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.32~0.60), possession of dedicated screen devices (OR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.74~3.28), watching animations (OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.75~3.18), playing video games (OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.11~2.50), watching short videos (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.52~2.56), screen use during meals (OR=2.53, 95% CI: 1.64~3.90), caregivers permitting use due to work-related reasons (OR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.40~2.49), and caregiver home screen time > 2h (OR=1.57, 95% CI: 1.24~1.98) (P < 0.05). Conclusion Screen device usage among children aged 3~6 years is characterized by early onset and entertainment-driven motives, alongside weak self-regulation. Home environment, caregiver behaviors, device ownership, and content types are critical determinants. Multi-dimensional interventions involving families and society are warranted to facilitate the development of healthy screen habits in early childhood.