Organizational Resilience and Sustainability: The Role of Proactive and Reactive Capabilities in Uncertain Environments

This article presents an extensive review of recent literature on the relationship between organizational resilience, corporate sustainability, and corporate purpose—an emerging field that has gained prominence amid growing global volatility and complexity. Drawing on various theoretical perspectives, including dynamic capabilities theory, sustainability (ESG), supply chain management, and digital transformation, the study examines how organizations develop capabilities for anticipation, absorption, adaptation, and transformation to confront disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, and technological advancements. The findings indicate that resilience and sustainability form an interdependent system that drives organizational continuity and long-term value creation, while corporate purpose adds a strategic and ethical dimension that guides decision-making. The review also highlights the enabling role of digitalization, digital organizational culture, and management control systems in strengthening these capabilities. Finally, the article identifies theoretical and empirical gaps, proposing future research directions aimed at advancing the integration of the SRP framework (Sustainability, Resilience, and Purpose) and assessing its impact on organizational performance.