A comparative study of body composition of male patients with Type 2 Diabetes in age group of 30 to 50 years on basis of duration of disease

Purpose: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with altered body composition as the disease advances. This study aimed to compare body composition metrics in male T2DM patients aged 30–50 years, stratified by disease duration (?3 years vs.>3 years), and to determine any associations with disease duration. Methods: This is a prospective observational study that included 100 male patients with T2DM (aged 30–50 years) attending the Medicine/Endocrinology outpatient departments at Medical College Hospital over a two-year period (2015–2016). They were divided equally into Group 1 (1–3 years duration) and Group 2 (>3 years). Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance (Omron HBF 306). Direct parameters (% body fat, % total body water, muscle mass, bone mass, visceral fat) and derived parameters (total fat mass, active body mass, % ABM) were computed. Results: The groups differed significantly in mean age (Group 1: 38.29 ± 5.80 years vs Group 2: 44.75 ± 5.01 years; p < 0.0001). However, height, weight, BMI, residence, smoking, alcoholism, exercise, and family history were not significantly different. Body composition parameters (body fat %, TBW, muscle mass, bone mass, visceral fat) did not show significant differences between groups. Correlation with duration showed that only age had an intermediate correlation (r = 0.4843, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: In this cohort, duration of T2DM in male patients aged 30–50 was not strongly associated with major alterations in body composition, except for an association with increasing age. Further studies with larger sizes, inclusion of waist circumference, and follow-up designs are recommended.