Evaluating Sustainability Achievements in China-Africa Relations under the Forum for China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC): A Fuzzy SIWEC Methodology

The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) serves as a key multilateral platform for coordinating relations between China and African countries in support of long-term sustainable development goals. Since its inception in October 2000, FOCAC has produced a range of accomplishments contributing to economic, social, and environmental sustainability in Africa. This study identifies eight major achievements of FOCAC based on prior research and evaluates their relative importance through the input of four experts from a sustainability-oriented development perspective. The fuzzy simple weight calculation (F-SIWEC) method is employed to determine the weight of these achievements with respect to sustainable cooperation outcomes. The results indicate that the expansion of Chinese investment and funding across Africa ranks as the most significant achievement. In contrast, the strengthening of public and institutional support for China-Africa cooperation is regarded as the least significant accomplishment.