Disclosure of domestic violence and help-seeking behaviours among female survivors living with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Anambra State, Nigeria

Domestic violence (DV) remains a pervasive public health challenge that affects women’s physical, mental, and social well-being. Disclosure and help-seeking behaviours among survivors are critical for effective intervention and support. This study assessed the disclosure patterns and help-seeking behaviours of female survivors of DV in Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 women living with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a tertiary teaching hospital. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The mean age of respondents was 37.3 ± 11.0 years. The overall prevalence of physical, emotional, sexual, and combined forms of DV was 15.3, 13.3, 8.7, and 5.0%, respectively. Among the 46 (15.3%) survivors, 13% did not disclose their experience, while 28.4% reported to parents or siblings, 19.6% to in-laws, 21.7% to religious leaders, 13% to health workers, and 4.3% to friends or social groups. No reports were made to law enforcement agencies. Most respondents (80%) received counselling, prayer, or emotional support, while 10% received financial assistance, 7.5% shelter, and 2.5% medical support. Disclosure of DV among women living with HIV in Anambra State remains suboptimal. Strengthening community sensitization, integrating DV screening into HIV care, and empowering women through accessible support services are essential for improved outcomes.