Envejecimiento activo y saludable como eje para la mejora integral de la calidad de vida de la persona mayor

Objective: Analyze recent scientific evidence on active and healthy aging as a cornerstone for the comprehensive improvement of older adults’ quality of life, considering their physical, cognitive, emotional, and social dimensions. Methodology: A narrative review of the scientific literature published between 2020 and 2025 was conducted in specialized databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and SciELO), applying the SANRA scale to ensure methodological rigor. Systematic reviews, observational studies, and community-based interventions related to active aging, functionality, and well-being in people aged 60 and over were included. Results: The findings showed that the most effective interventions were those that included multiple areas, such as varied physical activity, mental stimulation, and emotional support. These interventions showed consistent improvements in autonomy, emotional well-being, social participation, and quality of life, even in individuals with chronic illnesses. Likewise, it was identified that social participation acts as a key mediating factor that enhances the benefits of physical and cognitive interventions, especially in community settings. Conclusions: Active and healthy aging has been consolidated as a multidimensional and effective strategy to promote a more autonomous, dignified, and participatory life in old age. It was concluded that it is necessary to improve person-centered primary care models and include social factors in public policies, especially in Latin American contexts such as Ecuador, to ensure fair and sustainable aging.