Respuesta agronómica de diez accesiones de maní (Arachis hypogaea L.) bajo las condiciones subtropicales de Ecuador

Objective: The agronomic response of ten peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) accessions collected from various environments in Manabí was evaluated under subtropical conditions at the Sacha–Wiwa Experimental Center (La Maná, Cotopaxi), with the aim of identifying materials with productive potential for local agricultural diversification. Methodology: The trial was conducted from July to October 2025 on a loam soil with a moderately acidic pH (≈5.7), using a randomized complete block design with four replicates; germination rate, plant height (30–90 days), and, at harvest (90 days), total fresh weight, shell dry weight, and grain dry weight were recorded; means were compared using Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). Results: Of the ten accessions, seven germinated (Mn-36, Mn-37, and Mn-56 did not emerge), and Mn-41 exhibited the highest germination rate (72.50%); during growth, Mn-40 and Mn-41 stood out at 30 days, although no consistent differences were subsequently observed among accessions; at harvest, Mn-41 achieved the highest total fresh weight (258 g/plot; ≈215 kg ha−1) and the highest grain weight (58 g/plot; ≈48.13 kg ha−1), with highly significant differences (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Under the evaluated edaphoclimatic conditions, Mn-41 exhibited the best overall performance and stands out as the most promising alternative for the Ecuadorian subtropics, even tho overall yields were low, suggesting the need to optimize agronomic management and validate it across additional cycles and locations.