Anti-nephrolithiatic activity of Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb: An in vitro Study

Urolithiasis is a chronic kidney disease characterized by the development of calculi inside the kidneys in a complicated sequence of supersaturation, nucleation, aggregation, crystal development, and retention. The purpose of the current study was to screen the in vitro anti-nephrolithiatic effects of Garcinia lanceifolia Roxb. var. Oxyphylla fruit extract (GLE), which is a potent medicinal plant, against calcium oxalate crystallization. To determine the effect of GLE to prevent calcium oxalate nucleation and aggregation, in vitro studies were carried out. The results demonstrated that GLE may be used as a therapeutic agent for urolithiasis since it significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited the nucleation and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystal. Phytochemical examination indicated GLE has a high amount of total phenolics and flavonoids and also contain reported bioactive compounds like hydroxycitric acid in the fruit of G. lanceifolia. This combined approach may explain the reported anti-nephrolithiatic effects. The findings support the traditional use of G. lanceifolia and the need for additional in vivo studies to determine its therapeutic usefulness and safety.