Aspectos da utilização de gorduras na nutrição de ruminantes

This review addresses the complex role of fats in ruminant nutrition. The inclusion of fats in ruminant diets offers several benefits, such as increased energy density, improved feed efficiency, and improved product quality. Different fat sources, such as animal fats and vegetable oils, have been studied, each presenting distinct nutritional profiles. Although fats can improve animal performance, excessive amounts can impair ruminal fermentation and reduce feed intake. Furthermore, the biohydrogenation process in the rumen can alter the fatty acid profile of dietary fats. To circumvent ruminal degradation, protected fats have been developed, which allow for more efficient utilization of fatty acids in the small intestine. This review highlights the importance of carefully considering the type, amount, and form of fat supplementation to optimize animal performance and product quality. Future research should focus on developing strategies to improve fat utilization efficiency in ruminants and deepen the understanding of the complex interactions between dietary fats, ruminal microbiota, and animal performance.