Multi-Regional Input-Output Model to Analyze the Economic Impacts of the North American Free Trade Agreement
Abstract
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was renegotiated starting in 2017 under pressure from the US administration, which argued that the trade agreement had been unfair to the US economy and favorable to Mexico. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate which country—Mexico, Canada, or the United States—benefited the most from NAFTA, using economic indicators estimated through the Input-Output model. Specifically, the Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) analysis technique and data from the World Input-Output Database (WIOD) were employed. Our main finding is that US benefited relatively more from NAFTA’s trade and rules than Mexico or Canada did.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Environmental Impact and Sustainability
Global trade and economics
International Relations in Latin America
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Economia Internazionale / International Economics
- Publisher
- Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato e Agricoltura di Genova - Economia Internazionale/International Economics
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 343–378
- Publication date
- 17 August 2026