Human security in the cyber environment: Risks and key protection issues

Breakthroughs in digital innovation, including artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) devices, have opened numerous opportunities across various aspects of human life. However, these technological developments also entail significant risks, such as the collection of personal data, influence over individual thoughts, behaviors, and lifestyles, alongside constraints on individual liberties. Such dynamics facilitate the emergence of "digital enslavement," wherein human safety in cyberspace is compromised through mechanisms of surveillance, exploitation, and rights suppression. Furthermore, the complete control and automation of human life and social interactions via AI and interconnected devices could lead to highly detrimental outcomes. Given these developments, the issue of human security in digital environments has transcended a purely technological domain, becoming a complex, multidisciplinary challenge that demands coordinated efforts from social, economic, psychological, legal, and educational sectors. Ensuring the security and reliability of cyberspace necessitates collaborative efforts among governments, technology firms, civil society, and individuals.