Determinants of mobile banking adoption and its contribution to the financial innovation process: A literature review in the Moroccan context

Digital banking in developing countries is increasingly reliant on mobile banking. Nevertheless, research into the factors that influence its uptake and its role in enabling financial innovation is still fragmented among many areas of study, often associated with online banking or mobile payment systems. The principal objectives of this paper's structured literature review are (i) to determine what variables are most important for mobile banking to gain traction and stay popular, and (ii) to explain how mobile banking encourages innovation in Morocco's banking industry. Integrative in nature, the review incorporates TAM, UTAUT, DOI, and TPB, four popular models for technology adoption and diffusion, along with trust, perceived security, perceived risk, enabling conditions, digital literacy, and other elements particularly relevant to the financial services sector. Trust, security perceptions, and perceived risk are crucial in deciding user confidence and continuous use, but perceived simplicity of use and perceived utility often seem to be major drivers of adoption. Especially in a market where mobile-first channels are becoming more competitive, mobile banking supports financial innovation by digitizing processes, changing customer-bank interactions, and speeding up service enhancements.