Between Disaster and Renewal: A Sustainable Development Strategy for Bisaccia (Avellino, southern Italy)

This study investigates the reconstruction of Bisaccia, a small inland town in the southern Apennines of Italy, following major natural disasters, with a focus on its urban and socio-economic development. Bisaccia was historically hit by strong earthquakes, particularly the 23 November 1980 event, and recurrent landslides due to the geological peculiarity of the area. These natural hazards significantly shaped settlement patterns and urban organization over time. We analyse how Bisaccia has historically responded to seismic and hydrogeological crises, identifying challenges and opportunities for sustainable development in inland towns. The research examines the interplay between disaster impact, urban planning, and socio-economic dynamics, highlighting the long-term consequences of reconstruction decisions. The methodology combines historical and urban analysis. Historical documents, reconstruction plans were analysed alongside a detailed photographic survey of the contemporary urban fabric. Particular attention is given to the post-1980 reconstruction designed by architect Aldo Loris Rossi, whose modern and visionary approach shaped the new town’s atypical urban layout. By integrating historical, architectural, and urban perspectives, the study contributes to understanding resilience, spatial planning, and socio-economic sustainability in disaster-prone regions. The findings offer insights into how strategic reconstruction can balance heritage preservation, urban innovation, and longterm community development.