Advancements in Artificial Intelligence and Their Contributions to Sustainable Development Goals: A Multidisciplinary Review

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has positioned itself as a transformative technological force propelling advancements across a multitude of domains, encompassing machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, robotics, and ethical AI governance; consequently, as a Background, its accelerating evolution continues to engender both substantial opportunities and multifaceted challenges for sustainable and responsible technological development. Grounded in this context, the Objective of this study is to furnish a multidisciplinary review by scrutinizing theoretical advancements, practical applications, and AI's alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). To accomplish this, the Method employed encompasses a structured literature review spanning key AI domains including Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Natural Language Processing, Robotics, and AI Ethics with the aim of identifying emergent trends, developmental impacts, and prospective research directions. The Results reveal that AI technologies make substantial contributions to global development goals through heightened automation, augmented decision-making capabilities, intelligent perception systems, and the establishment of ethical governance frameworks that underpin sustainable innovation. In Conclusion, AI harbors considerable potential to accelerate the realization of sustainable development objectives; nevertheless, its long-term viability is contingent upon the implementation of responsible governance mechanisms, transparency, and inclusive design principles, so as to ensure equitable and broadly beneficial societal outcomes.