Menopause - Understanding the Changes and How to Support Women

Menopause is a natural phase when periods stop and fertility ends, usually between ages 45 and 55, caused by drops in estrogen and progesterone. Common symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, sleep problems, mood changes, vaginal dryness, and joint or bone discomfort. Hormonal changes can affect heart health, bone strength, bladder control, skin, hair, weight, and memory, but these changes are manageable. Treatments range from hormone therapy and non-hormonal medicines to vaginal creams and medicines for bone health, all tailored to each woman’s needs. Lifestyle habits, pelvic floor exercises, stress management, healthy diet, social support, and community programs can make daily life more comfortable and improve overall well-being.