Beyond Credit: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of Microfinance Impacts on Economic and Social Empowerment of Women Entrepreneurs in Kabul

The primary aims of this case study is to figure out the impacts of microfinance programs on business women in Kabul, Afghanistan. Data for this study were gathered through structured surveys and semi-structured interviews with women-led micro and small businesses which were supplemented through secondary literature, the research is intended to examine whether microfinance increase women’s economic participation, business performance, and decision-making independency. The results of the study indicate that nearly 70% of participants reported progressions in business operations, with average monthly income increasing from $100 to $150, and many participants reporting enhanced self-confidence. Despite considering the possible benefits, some important barriers for women include high interest rates, limited financial literacy, and persistent socio-cultural difficulties. This study argues that microfinance can serve as a catalyst for women’s economic empowerment; however, when it is supported by complementary training, institutional reforms, and community-level involvements. There are some policy recommendations in order to improve microfinance delivery in fragile contexts.