Rethinking the Estoppel Doctrine for Technologically Verified Clean Bills of Lading
Abstract
Traditionally, the clean bill of lading serves as a crucial evidence and a document that initiates payment, confirming that the goods were received in apparent good order and condition. In contemporary containerized shipping, the majority of cargo is sealed away from the carrier's observation, and protective clauses including
Fields of Study & Subjects
Law
logistics
and international trade
Conflict of Laws and Jurisdiction
Legal principles and applications
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Legal Hukuk Dergisi
- Volume
- 281 ( Mayıs)
- Issue
- 281 ( Mayıs)
- Pages
- 1–40
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN