CONTROLE DA TEMPERATURA NEONATAL: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Well, before we get into the topic of the work, we must first remember that temperature control, that is, thermoregulation in adults is achieved through metabolic and muscular activities (e.g., shivering). In turn, during pregnancy, maternal mechanisms maintain intrauterine temperature regulated. After birth, newborns need to adapt to their relatively cold environment in the first hours of life by metabolic heat production, as they cannot cause an adequate shivering response as if they were adults. Thus, term neonates have a source of thermogenesis in brown fat, which is highly vascularized and innervated by sympathetic neurons. When faced with cold stress, norepinephrine levels increase significantly and act on brown adipose tissue to stimulate lipolysis. Most free fatty acids (FFA) are re-esterified or oxidized; Both reactions produce heat. However, factors such as hypoxia or beta-adrenergic blockade reduce this physiological response. Keywords: Neonatal Temperature, Neonatal temperature control, Temperature Control.