Complete Remission Lasting over 6 Years after Allogeneic iNKT Cell Immunotherapy in an HIV-Positive Patient with Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report

Clinical Question BoxCan allogeneic invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell-based immunotherapy achieve durable remission in an human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient with recurrent lung adenocarcinoma?This case suggests that allogeneic iNKT cell-based immunotherapy may be a safe and promising treatment option for selected HIV-positive patients with recurrent lung adenocarcinoma.In this patient, gefitinib was discontinued due to adverse events, and clinicians then administered four cycles of allogeneic iNKT cells combined with dendritic cells (DCs).The treatment was well tolerated and caused only grade 1-2 adverse events.The patient achieved complete tumor remission that lasted more than 6 years after treatment interruption.These findings suggest that iNKT cell-based therapy may provide durable antitumor immune control in HIV-associated malignancy, although larger studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and clarify the underlying mechanisms.