Investigation of Influenza and Pneumococcal Vaccination Status and Associated Factors Among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: This study aimed to assess awareness and uptake of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines and to identify sociodemographic and healthcare utilization factors associated with vaccination among adults aged ≥65 years. Methods: This study aimed to assess awareness and uptake of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines and to identify sociodemographic and healthcare utilization factors associated with vaccination among adults aged ≥65 years. Results: A total of 120 participants were included (mean age 71.68±6.34 years; 64.2% female). Awareness was 83.3% for influenza (100/120) and 75.8% for pneumococcal vaccine (91/120). Uptake was 38.3% for influenza in the last year (46/120) and 45.0% for pneumococcal vaccination in the last 5 years (54/120); among those aware, uptake reached 46.0% (46/100) and 59.3% (54/91), respectively. Television/internet and family physicians were the most frequent information sources. Living outside the city center reduced the odds of influenza vaccination (aOR=0.01; 95% CI: 0.00–0.11; p=0.0001) and pneumococcal vaccination (aOR=0.09; 95% CI: 0.02–0.35; p=0.0006). Routine check-ups increased influenza vaccination (aOR=3.96; p=0.011) but were inversely associated with pneumococcal vaccination (aOR=0.19; p=0.001); increasing age reduced pneumococcal uptake (aOR=0.90 per year; p=0.023). Conclusion: Despite relatively high awareness, vaccination uptake remained insufficient, particularly outside the city center. Strengthening systematic counseling, recall–reminder strategies, and access-enhancing interventions in primary care may improve coverage in older adults.