The Quality Assurance System Model of The Goverment: A Systematic Literature Review

Improving the quality of sustainable education is a national strategic priority that implemented through an integrated quality assurance system by the government that combines the Internal and External Quality Assurance Systems. This article aims to review the models and the synergy of internal and external QAS. This study used a qualitative approach with a systematic literature review. This study discussed the design of the dynamic quality cycle of the quality assurance model regarding the aspects of formulation, implementation, and effectiveness. The results of this study showed that: (1) The structure and operational mechanisms of IQAS go through a continuous cycle consisting of standard setting, standard implementation, evaluation of standard implementation, control of standard implementation, and standard improvement. (2) The structure and operational mechanisms of EQAS have a primary manifestation in national accreditation through a workflow consisting of data/document submission and evaluation, adequacy assessment, field assessment, validation and determination of results. (3) The relationship between IQAS and EQAS synergistically integrates a framework that encourages continuous improvement of education quality by placing the main responsibility for quality assurance through IQAS by providing validation, control, and accountability mechanisms; and through EQAS with National Education Standards as a common reference.