Comparison of the Behavior of Semiconductor Lasers under the Influence of Changing Bias Current with Optoelectronic Feedback

Direct pump modulation is one feature of semiconductor lasers that sets them apart from other types of lasers. Another degree of flexibility is the injection current disruption. Consequently, instabilities are caused by the disruption of the injection current in semiconductor lasers, and the modulation of the injection current does in fact show instabilities and chaotic behaviors. This research investigates a comparative study between conventional and nanoscale semiconductor lasers. The occurrence of different laser outputs from both types of semiconductor lasers, including the typical output from these devices as well as periodic, multi-periodic, aperiodic, and chaotic ones that arise from injection current, were examined. We discovered a variety of optical intensity oscillation dynamics, including chaos oscillations; limit cycles, and quasi-periodic oscillations. Time series and their extracted FFT power spectrums, phase diagrams (attractors), and inter-spike intervals (ISI) through examine these dynamics.