CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF DIETARY PRACTICES AMONG EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS

Exclusive breastfeeding is widely promoted for its benefits to infant health; however, adequate maternal nutrition during lactation remains critical for sustaining breastfeeding and protecting maternal well-being. Cultural beliefs play a significant role in shaping dietary practices among lactating mothers, particularly in traditional societies. This study examined the cultural determinants of dietary practices among lactating mothers practicing exclusive breastfeeding in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted, and data were collected from 214 lactating mothers using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that cultural beliefs significantly influenced maternal food intake during exclusive breastfeeding. Key cultural determinants included restrictions on protein-rich foods, promotion of traditional foods such as pap and herbal preparations, prioritization of carbohydrate-based diets, food taboos against eggs and meat, and strong influence from family elders. Beliefs surrounding the consumption of “hot” foods to enhance breast milk production and avoidance of dietary diversity were also prevalent. These practices, while culturally rooted, may limit dietary diversity and reduce intake of essential nutrients required during lactation. The study concludes that cultural beliefs are major determinants of dietary practices among exclusive breastfeeding mothers in Sokoto Metropolis. Addressing maternal nutrition during lactation therefore requires culturally sensitive interventions that integrate nutrition education with respect for local beliefs. The study recommends community-based nutrition counseling that actively involves family members and community leaders to promote balanced dietary practices during exclusive breastfeeding.