Biomimetic Design of Biodegradable Polymer Films for Sustainable Food Packaging: Integrating Indigenous Material Wisdom with Modern Chemistry

The increasing environmental burden from petroleum-based plastics necessitates the exploration of sustainable alternatives inspired by nature and traditional material practices. This study presents the development of biodegradable food packaging films derived from indigenous biopolymers such as sodium alginate, chitosan, and poly (γ-glutamic acid), integrated with natural additives including lignin nanoparticles and jackfruit seed extract. Guided by the principles of biomimicry and indigenous ecological wisdom, the formulation aims to emulate the functional resilience and biodegradability of natural plant cuticles. Physicochemical, mechanical, and barrier properties of the films were characterised to assess their potential as eco-friendly packaging materials. The findings highlight the role of traditional knowledge systems in guiding sustainable material innovation and promoting circular economy practices. This work bridges indigenous wisdom and modern polymer chemistry, contributing to the advancement of green technologies aligned with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 12 and 13).